Airport terminal:
An airport is a facility where planes take off and land. They usually consist of a hard-surface runway, a control tower, hangars, and accommodations for passengers and cargo.
Local and global impact of airport terminals:
The rapid expansion of passenger and air cargo flows, facilitated by globalization, has increased their importance and the pressure on the world’s airport system. This system played a key role in the early spread of COVID-19. Empty airports in early 2020 were an early sign of the severe impact of the pandemic on the aviation industry. On the eve of the pandemic, airports are bigger than ever in terms of traffic they handle, physical reach, distance from the cities they serve, cost and economic impact, social importance, and environmental impact. became. and the political controversy they caused. Ironically, the global importance of airports has exacerbated regional disputes over land requirements, surrounding commercial and manufacturing development, ground traffic, and aircraft noise.
There is a large disparity in the amount of passenger and cargo traffic handled at airports, and the following highlights a hierarchy that he can explain by four main factors:
a)Demand Pattern.
The amount of traffic an airport handles is directly affected by the population, income, economic intensity, and level of tourism activity of the cities it serves. The population also affects freight transport as it consumes goods shipped by air. The existence of lightweight manufacturing activity is also a factor related to the demand for air cargo capacity. The combination of these factors contributes to a significant amount of air travel demand (creativity and attraction).
b)Network Connection.
An airline’s decision to choose a hub within its network significantly impacts the traffic handled at the airport. Connecting flights are counted twice, landing and taking off, which increases airport traffic.
c)competing airports.
Multiple airports in a metropolitan area give users more choices and make connections harder to establish, resulting in sparse traffic. Therefore, proximity to other airports may limit traffic growth.
d)physical ability.
Airports have physical capacity related to the number and length of runways and terminals. Airports that cannot significantly expand their footprint (additional runways and terminals) cannot expand beyond a certain threshold and must build new airports elsewhere.
A fundamental feature of airports is the degree of built-in on several levels:
a)global:
Airports are important turning points in the cyclical system of the global economy. They mediate the flow of passengers and freight. The airport’s importance in this regard stems from its central and middle location. The former term refers to a node’s role as an origin and destination gateway to surrounding regions, while the latter term refers to the extent to which a node acts as an exchange between different regions. Major passenger and cargo airports enjoy central locations in some of the world’s largest metropolitan areas, midway between major markets, or both. Global outsourcing and offshoring increase the importance of global mediation. For example, one factor driving Dubai’s growth as an air hub is that ultra-long-haul aircraft such as B787s and A350s connect the two almost everywhere on the planet via stopovers at Dubai International Airport. The fact is that you can.
b)Region/National:
While global flights have received a lot of attention (for example, Qantas launched its first direct flights between Australia and London in 2018), most flights do not cross borders and an even larger proportion (around 80 %) remain within the same region. At this scale, a network of airports serves to connect countries and regions. A dense regional flight network of about 300 airports serving commercial services in Southeast Asia connects the economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). local
Airports, especially large airports, define the character of the communities in which they are located. Large airports directly create thousands of jobs and thousands more through forward and backward links. At Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, it is estimated that in 2013 he employed 65,000 people at the airport itself, and about 1.5 for every 1 he directly employed was employed in Greater Amsterdam by companies associated with the airport. It has been. These connections include forward connections (i.e. companies for which the airport is a supplier (such as local attractions and logistics facilities) and reverse connections (i.e. companies for which the airport is a customer (such as fuel suppliers). and construction companies, etc.)). . . but airports are more than just a feature of a community’s economic geography. An airport the size of Schiphol is a very significant source of noise pollution and other local environmental impacts, a large land user, and a distinctive part of the built environment. The newest airport terminal has a distinctive roof, an impressive architectural achievement.
The globality, regionality, and locality of airports cannot be separated. For example, large corporate headquarters tend to be concentrated in cities with good international connections. For example, in major US cities, there is a strong correlation between the number of corporate headquarters and the number of air passengers. The success of cities like Dallas (including airport-adjacent suburbs like Irving) demonstrates this idea by attracting headquarters from other smaller cities. There is evidence that air accessibility is also a catalyst for jobs in logistics, the knowledge-intensive information economy, and high-value producer services (such as top advertising agencies). The relationship between work and airplane accessibility works in both directions, but the second direction (that is, accessibility as a catalyst for work) seems stronger.